- Eastern Europe - Naughty children get coal and onions
- France - Saint Nicholas has a helper, Pere Fouettard, who may
leave a switch for parents to use to spank their children.
- Germany - Saint Nicholas travels with an assistant , known
variously as Knect Ruprecht, Krampus, or Pelzebock. He gives gifts to
good children and a few hits of a rod to naughty children.
- Germany and Netherlands - Santa Claus travels with Black Peter,
an elf who whips naughty children
- Hungary - Mikulas is accompanied by a "Devil" boy in black
costume who has a switch made of dry twigs ready to smack any "naughty"
children.
- Iceland - The Jolasveinar leave a potato for naughty children to
remind them that good behavior is better.
- Italy - Naughty children receive a lump of coal in their stocking
or in some cases only ashes
- Lithuania - Naughty children get coal and onions
- Luxembourg - Kleeschen is accompanied by Houseker. Houseker
carries a stick to chastise naughty children.
- Nordic - Legend of Santa merged with old folktales of a magician
who punished naughty children and rewarded good children with presents.
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